Engine exhaust



Sept. 18, 1928. 1,685,006

- G. W. scHULTz ENGINE EXHAUST Filed Nov. lO, 1925 wlmi-:555s Numa ATTORNEYS Patented Sept. 18, 1928. I

UNITED STATES GEORGE W. SCHULTZ, OF BOWERS, PENNSYLV-ANIA.

ENGINE EXHAUST.

Application led November 10, 1925. Serial No. 68,105.

This invention relates in general to engine exhausts and more particularly to adevice of this character adapted for organization with the exhausts oi" motors or engines such as gas, gasolene, oil, steam, or other engines.

One of the principal objects of the invention is to provide a device for use with engine exhausts which operates to effect a complete and thorough removal of the burned or expended gases or other residual products left in the working chamber yof the engine following each Working phase of the operation vin such a manner as to not only enhance the eiiciency of the engine but also to make the exhaust thereof less objectional by reason of the fact that the gases are almost instantly exuded as quickly asproduced by the operation of the engine. In this way the exhaust in the motor is reduced to al gentle and continuous purr instead of a series of intermittent explosions.

A further object is to provide a device for use with engine exhausts which not only positively withdraws the residual products left in the working chamber after each workn ing phase of the l engines operation, but which also subjects the engine exhaust to a pressure lower than atmospheric, thereby relieving the engine from all back pressure and consequently increasing its speed and power while effecting economy in its use of working Huid. In other words, the general eiiiciency. of the engine is materially increased.

A still further object of the inventionis to provide a device for use with engine exhausts and having these advantages and capacities' and which is automatically operated to carry out these purposes while being of simple and durable construction, reliable and effective in operation and easy and comparatively inexpensive to manufacture.

Other objects and advantages reside in certain-novel features'of the construction,l arrangement and combination of parts which will be hereinafter more fully described and particularly pointed out in the appended claims, reference being had to thel accompanying drawings forming a part of this specification, and in which:

Figure' 1 is avlew partly 1n longltudlnal vertical section 'and partly'in side-elevation' showing one embodiment ofthe invention,

Figure' 2 is a view in end elevation look-- ing at the right handI end of Figure 1, and

proposes the provision of an outer casing 2 of substantially conical form and'having at its small end an integral nipple or sleeve 3 designed to it over the end of the exhaust pipe '1 and to be secured thereto in any suitable manner as by means of set screws 4. The outer casing 2 ares or gradually enlarges from its small end where it communicates freely with the exhaust pipe 1 to its large end where it is open and communicates with the atmos here, t e large end providing the outlet of t e device. l

An inner casing 5 'of substantially conical form is also provided andv is smaller than the outer casing 2 mounted within and in spaced relation thereto-so as to provide a main expansion` chamber 6 of annular form and which. gradually enlarges toward the outlet of the device.

Means is provided for mounting the inner casing 5 for free runnin rotary movement within the casing 2 and may comprise a shaft 7 extending axially through the casing 2 and xedly supported in spiders 8 and held against endwise movement in any suitable manner, as by means of thrust collars 9 and a nut 10. At its small end the inner casing 5 is mounted on the shaft 6 by means of a disc 11 secured to the inner periphery of the small end of the casing 5 and constituting the outer free ruiming ring of a ball bearing mountingfdesignated enerally at 12, the mounting 12 aise inc uding ball bearings 13 and an inner retaining ring 14 fixed on the shaft `'7, the ball bearings 13 being interposed between the fixed ring 14C the shaft 7 by means of a spider 16 connccted to the casing and to the free running outer retalning ring 17 of a ball bearing mounting, designated generally at 18. and 1ncluding ball bearings 19 and an inner re' taining ring 20 lixed to the shaft 7, the ball bearings 19 being interposed between the rings 17 and 20. It is to be understood that while this one form ot Jfree running mounting is shown for the inner casing this means may be varied without departing from the spirit of the invention.

lVith this arrangement the inner casing 5 co-acts with the outer casing 2 not only to provide the main expansion chamber 6 but also to provide an initial expansion chamber 22 between the small end of the casing 5 'and the portion vof the casing 2 located between said small end' and the exhaust pipe 1.

On the outer periphery ot the inner cas' ing 5, vanes 25 are fixed, the vanes 25 eX- tending along and angularly around the casing 5 and also extending throughout the length of said casing and consequently throughout the length of the expansion chamber 6. These vanes 25 are shaped and designed to turn the inner casing 5 from the impulse they receive from the outtlowing exhaust gases and to also co-act With these gases when rotated to cause the gases to Whirl around in'the expansion-chamber 6 in spiral fashion, thereby securing complete expansion of the gases prior to their discharge to the atmosphere.

In the operation ot the device as thus tar described the exhaust gases which ow out through the pipe 1 pass into the initial expansion chamber 22 which enlarges, as shown in Figure 1, to provide an initial expansion ot' the gases. The gases tlovv Jfrom the expansion chamber` 22 into the expansion chamber 6 there they act on the vanes 25 to cause rapid rotation ot the inner casing 5. The rotation of these blades forces the air or gas contained in the space 6 out ahead of the vanes to the atmosphere, so that the vanes 25 set up a suction in the expansion chamber 6 Which is exerted through the initial expansion chamber 22 into the exhaust pipe and consequently the engine. In this Way the engine is relieved of any back pressure. These vanes 25 not only have this action but they also, due to their rotation, Whirl the exhaust gases completely around in the expansion chamber 6 in spiral fashion, thereby causing theA exhaust gases to be gradually and completely expanded prior to their discharge into the atmosphere. Thus the vaues are not only operated upon by the exhaust gas but also operate on the gas.

lt is to be noted that the open end of the inner chamber 27 provided by the interior et the casing 5 is exposed to the action of the rapidly entf-lowing gases so that the gas or fluid contained in the chamber 5 is entrained by the gases owing out from the main expansion chamber 6 and consequently a certain amount ot suction 1s set up in the chamber 27 which constitutes an auxiliary expansion chamber' by reason of the fact that such suction exerted in the chamber is exerted through the openings into the initial expansion chamber and'draws out some portion of the exhaust gases.

There the device is used upon the exhaust et an engine mounted on a moving vehicle, the action ot the exhaust gases on the vanes may be supplemented by the effective current of air set up by the relative movement ot the vehicle and the air through which it passes by providing air inlet openings 30 in the outer casing 2 and air collectors and deilectors 31 around these openings 30. The air collectors and detiectors face or open in the direction of movement of the vehicle and cause all the air that is collected therein to pass into the openings 30 into the expansion chamber 6 yin the form of jets. The jets so formed impinge against the vanes 25 to cause the vanes and the inner casing 5 to rotate, thereby effecting whirling ot the exhaust gases in the manner described.

I claim:

1. A device for use with engine exhausts comprising an outer casing having a small end connectible with the engine exhaust and enlarging from its small end to a large open end providing an outlet, an inner casing smaller than the outer casing and corresponding in form thereto, means for mounting the inner casing for free rotary movement Within and in spaced relation to the outer casing, said inner casing eo-acting 'with the outer easing to define an expansion chamber gradually enlarging to the outlet chamber, and exhaust gas operable vanes carried by the inner casing and extending spirally thereof and operating Within the expansion chamber, said vanes being of slight cross section and ot a Width to extend from the outer periphery ot the inner easing to the inner periphery et the outer casing and ot a length to extend from one end ot the inner casing to the other, the vanes being spaced a substantial distance from each other and occupying only a small portion of the total area ot' the exhaust chamber, whereby they serve to set up a suction in thc expansion chamber and to whirl the exhaust gases around in the enlarging expansion chamber to secure gradual and thorough expansion ot the same. 'prior to their discharge to the atmosphere.

2; A device for use with engine exhausts comprising an outer casing having a small end connectiblc with the engine exhaust and enlarging from its small end to a'large open end providing an outlet, an inner casing smaller than the outer casing and corresponding in form thereto, means for mounting the inner easing for free rotary movement within and in spaced relation to the outer casing, said inner casng co-actmg with the outer casing to define an expansion chamber gradually enlarging to the outlet, an exhaust gas operable vane carried by the inner casing and operating in the expansion chamber to set up a suction therein `and to whirl the .exhaust gases around in the enlarging expansion chamber to secure gradual and thorough expansion of the same prior to their discl'iarge to the atmosphere, said inner casing defining an inner expansion chamber having its large end open and exposed to the effect of the outgoing currents of gases whereby a suctionis set up in the inner expansion chamber, said inner expansion cha-1nber having a part formed with an opening to aford communication between the expans'on chambers.

3. A device for use with engine exhausts comprising an outer casing having a small end connectible -With the engine exhaust and enlarging from its small end to a large open end providing an outlet, ,an inner casing smaller than the outer casing and corresponding in form thereto, means for mounting the inner casing for Yfree rotary movement within and in spaced relation to the outer casing, said inner casing co-acting with the outer casing to define an expansion chamber gradually enlarging to the outlet, an exhaust gas operable vane carried by the inner casing and operating in the expanslon chamber to set up -a suction therein and to Whirl .the exhaust gases around lin the enllarging expansion chamber to secure gradual and thorough expansion of the same prior to their discharge to the atmosphere, said inner casing defining an inner expansion chamber having its-large end open and exposed to the effect of y the outgong currents of gases whereby a suction isset up in the inner expansion chamber, said inner expansion chamber having a part at its small end formed with a series of vents to afford communication between the expansion chambers.

4. A device for use with engine exhausts comprising an outer/casing having a'small end connectible with the .engine exhaust and enlarging from its small end to a large open end providing an outlet, an inner casing smaller than the outer casing and corresponding in yform thereto, means for mounting the inner casing for free rotary movement -vvithin and in spaced relation to the outer casing, said inner casing coacting with the outer easing to. define an expansion chamber gradually enlarging to the outlet chamber, an exhaust gas operable vane carried by the inner casing and operating in` the expansion chamber to set up a suction therein and to whirl the exhaust gases around in the enlarging chamber to securegradual and thorough expansion of the same prior to their discharge to the atmosphere, said outer casing having openings atlfording communication between the atmosphere and the chamber, and air collectors and deflectors mounted on the outer casing around said openings.

5. A device for use with exhaustv conduits of engines comprising an outercasing of substantially frusto-conical form having a connection at its'small end coupled in axial alinement with the exhaust conduit and having its large end open, an inner casing smaller than and corresponding in 'form to the outer casing, means for mounting the inner casing for free running rotary movement in the outer casing, and vanes carried by the periphery of .the inner casing.

6. A device for use with exhaust conduits ot' engines comprising an outer casing of substantially frusto-conical form having its small end connected to the exhaust conduit and having its large end open, an inner casing smaller than and corresponding in form to the outer casing, means for mounting the inner casing for free running rotary movement in the outer casing, said inner (asing having its small end spaced axially inwardly of the small end of the outer casing and co-acting therewith to deine an internal expansion chamber, the periphery of the inner casing co-acting with the outer casing to define a main expansion chamber, and exhaust. gas operable fluid impelling vanes carried by the periphery of the inner casing and operating in the main expansion chamber.

7. A device' for use With engine exhausts comprising a frusto-conical outer casing having a co-axial inlet sleeve at its small end, said inlet sleeve being adapted to be ,connected with the engine exhaust, said outer casingenlarging from its small end to a large open end providing an outlet, an inner casing smaller than the outer casing and corresponding in form thereto, means for mounting the inner casing for free rotary movement Within and in spaced `relation to the outer casing, said innercasing co-acting to deiine a relatively large expansion chamber which gradually enlarges to the outlet of the outer casing, a plurality of exhaust gas vanes carried by the inner casing and extending helically thereof within the expansion chamber, said means for mounting thel inner casing for free rotary movement on the outer casing 'comprising a pair of spiders carried by the outer casing and a shaft carrying the inner casing and mounted onthe spiders.

` GEORGE W. SCHULTZ. 

